How to use the bokeh.models.LinearAxis function in bokeh

p.circle([1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3])
        assert len(p.axis) == 2

        expected = set(p.axis)

        ax = LinearAxis()
        expected.add(ax)
        p.above.append(ax)
        assert set(p.axis) == expected

        ax2 = LinearAxis()
        expected.add(ax2)
        p.below.append(ax2)
        assert set(p.axis) == expected

        ax3 = LinearAxis()
        expected.add(ax3)
        p.left.append(ax3)
        assert set(p.axis) == expected

        ax4 = LinearAxis()
        expected.add(ax4)
        p.right.append(ax4)
        assert set(p.axis) == expected

text_font_size='38pt', text_color='red', text_alpha=0.9,
                          text_baseline='bottom', text_align='left',
                          background_fill_color='green', background_fill_alpha=0.2,
                          angle=15, angle_units='deg',
                          render_mode='canvas')

    label_set2 = LabelSet(x='x2', y=4, x_units='screen', x_offset=25, y_offset=25,
                          text="text", source=source,
                          text_font_size='38pt', text_color='red', text_alpha=0.9,
                          text_baseline='bottom', text_align='left',
                          background_fill_color='green', background_fill_alpha=0.2,
                          angle=15, angle_units='deg',
                          render_mode='css')

    plot.add_layout(LinearAxis(), 'below')
    plot.add_layout(LinearAxis(), 'left')

    plot.add_layout(label_set1)
    plot.add_layout(label_set2)

    # Save the plot and start the test
    save(plot)
    selenium.get(output_file_url)

    # Take screenshot
    screenshot.assert_is_valid()

def altitude_profile(data):
    plot = Plot(plot_width=800, plot_height=400)
    plot.title.text = "%s - Altitude Profile" % name
    plot.y_range.range_padding = 0

    xaxis = LinearAxis(axis_label="Distance (km)")
    plot.add_layout(xaxis, 'below')

    yaxis = LinearAxis(axis_label="Altitude (m)")
    plot.add_layout(yaxis, 'left')

    plot.add_layout(Grid(dimension=0, ticker=xaxis.ticker))  # x grid
    plot.add_layout(Grid(dimension=1, ticker=yaxis.ticker))  # y grid

    plot.add_tools(PanTool(), WheelZoomTool(), ResetTool())

    X, Y = data.dist, data.alt
    y0 = min(Y)

    patches_source = ColumnDataSource(dict(
        xs=[[X[i], X[i+1], X[i+1], X[i]] for i in range(len(X[:-1])) ],
        ys=[[y0,   y0,     Y[i+1], Y[i]] for i in range(len(Y[:-1])) ],
        color=data.colors[:-1]
    ))
    patches = Patches(xs="xs", ys="ys", fill_color="color", line_color="color")

def make_axis(self, location, scale, label):
        """Create linear, date or categorical axis depending on the location,
        scale and with the proper labels.

        Args:
            location(str): the space localization of the axis. It can be
                ``left``, ``right``, ``above`` or ``below``.
            scale (str): the scale on the axis. It can be ``linear``, ``datetime``
                or ``categorical``.
            label (str): the label on the axis.

        Return:
            axis: Axis instance
        """
        if scale == "linear":
            axis = LinearAxis(axis_label=label)
        elif scale == "datetime":
            axis = DatetimeAxis(axis_label=label)
        elif scale == "categorical":
            axis = CategoricalAxis(
                major_label_orientation=np.pi / 4, axis_label=label
            )

        self.add_layout(axis, location)
        return axis

title="BAC0 Trends",
            tools=TOOLS,
            plot_width=800,
            plot_height=600,
            toolbar_location="above",
        )

        self.p.background_fill_color = "#f4f3ef"
        self.p.border_fill_color = "#f4f3ef"
        self.p.extra_y_ranges = {
            "bool": Range1d(start=0, end=1.1),
            "enum": Range1d(start=0, end=10),
        }
        self.p.add_layout(LinearAxis(y_range_name="bool", axis_label="Binary"), "left")
        self.p.add_layout(
            LinearAxis(y_range_name="enum", axis_label="Enumerated"), "right"
        )

        hover = HoverTool(
            tooltips=[
                ("name", "@name"),
                ("value", "@y"),
                ("units", "@units"),
                ("time", "@time"),
            ]
        )
        self.p.add_tools(hover)

        self.legends_list = []

        length = len(self.s.keys())
        if length <= 10:

y = x**2
sizes = np.linspace(10, 20, N)

source = ColumnDataSource(dict(x=x, y=y, sizes=sizes))

plot = Plot(
    title=None, plot_width=300, plot_height=300,
    min_border=0, toolbar_location=None)

glyph = CircleCross(x="x", y="y", size="sizes", line_color="#fb8072", fill_color=None, line_width=2)
plot.add_glyph(source, glyph)

xaxis = LinearAxis()
plot.add_layout(xaxis, 'below')

yaxis = LinearAxis()
plot.add_layout(yaxis, 'left')

plot.add_layout(Grid(dimension=0, ticker=xaxis.ticker))
plot.add_layout(Grid(dimension=1, ticker=yaxis.ticker))

curdoc().add_root(plot)

show(plot)

y = x**2
sizes = np.linspace(10, 20, N)

source = ColumnDataSource(dict(x=x, y=y, sizes=sizes))

plot = Plot(
    title=None, plot_width=300, plot_height=300,
    min_border=0, toolbar_location=None)

glyph = Cross(x="x", y="y", size="sizes", line_color="#e6550d", fill_color=None, line_width=2)
plot.add_glyph(source, glyph)

xaxis = LinearAxis()
plot.add_layout(xaxis, 'below')

yaxis = LinearAxis()
plot.add_layout(yaxis, 'left')

plot.add_layout(Grid(dimension=0, ticker=xaxis.ticker))
plot.add_layout(Grid(dimension=1, ticker=yaxis.ticker))

curdoc().add_root(plot)

show(plot)

TableColumn(field="model",        title="Model",        editor=StringEditor(completions=models)),
            TableColumn(field="displ",        title="Displacement", editor=NumberEditor(step=0.1),              formatter=NumberFormatter(format="0.0")),
            TableColumn(field="year",         title="Year",         editor=IntEditor()),
            TableColumn(field="cyl",          title="Cylinders",    editor=IntEditor()),
            TableColumn(field="trans",        title="Transmission", editor=SelectEditor(options=transmissions)),
            TableColumn(field="drv",          title="Drive",        editor=SelectEditor(options=drives)),
            TableColumn(field="class",        title="Class",        editor=SelectEditor(options=classes)),
            TableColumn(field="cty",          title="City MPG",     editor=IntEditor()),
            TableColumn(field="hwy",          title="Highway MPG",  editor=IntEditor()),
        ]
        data_table = DataTable(source=self.source, columns=columns, editable=True, width=1300)

        plot = Plot(title=None, x_range= DataRange1d(), y_range=DataRange1d(), plot_width=1000, plot_height=300)

        # Set up x & y axis
        plot.add_layout(LinearAxis(), 'below')
        yaxis = LinearAxis()
        plot.add_layout(yaxis, 'left')
        plot.add_layout(Grid(dimension=1, ticker=yaxis.ticker))

        # Add Glyphs
        cty_glyph = Circle(x="index", y="cty", fill_color="#396285", size=8, fill_alpha=0.5, line_alpha=0.5)
        hwy_glyph = Circle(x="index", y="hwy", fill_color="#CE603D", size=8, fill_alpha=0.5, line_alpha=0.5)
        cty = plot.add_glyph(self.source, cty_glyph)
        hwy = plot.add_glyph(self.source, hwy_glyph)

        # Add the tools
        tooltips = [
            ("Manufacturer", "@manufacturer"),
            ("Model", "@model"),
            ("Displacement", "@displ"),
            ("Year", "@year"),

x = np.linspace(-2, 2, N)
y = x**2

source = ColumnDataSource(dict(x=x, y=y))

plot = Plot(
    title=None, plot_width=300, plot_height=300,
    min_border=0, toolbar_location=None)

glyph = Annulus(x="x", y="y", inner_radius=.2, outer_radius=.4, fill_color="#7fc97f")
plot.add_glyph(source, glyph)

xaxis = LinearAxis()
plot.add_layout(xaxis, 'below')

yaxis = LinearAxis()
plot.add_layout(yaxis, 'left')

plot.add_layout(Grid(dimension=0, ticker=xaxis.ticker))
plot.add_layout(Grid(dimension=1, ticker=yaxis.ticker))

curdoc().add_root(plot)

show(plot)

plot.add_glyph(source, circle)

pan = PanTool()
wheel_zoom = WheelZoomTool()
box_select = BoxSelectTool()

plot.add_tools(pan, wheel_zoom, box_select)

xformatter = MercatorTickFormatter(dimension="lon")
xticker = MercatorTicker(dimension="lon")
xaxis = LinearAxis(formatter=xformatter, ticker=xticker)
plot.add_layout(xaxis, 'below')

yformatter = MercatorTickFormatter(dimension="lat")
yticker = MercatorTicker(dimension="lat")
yaxis = LinearAxis(formatter=yformatter, ticker=yticker)
plot.add_layout(yaxis, 'left')

doc = Document()
doc.add_root(plot)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    doc.validate()
    filename = "maps.html"
    with open(filename, "w") as f:
        f.write(file_html(doc, INLINE, "Google Maps Example"))
    print("Wrote %s" % filename)
    view(filename)