How to use the pypika.functions.Upper function in PyPika

def mysql_insensitive_exact(field: Term, value: str) -> Criterion:
    return functions.Upper(functions.Cast(field, SqlTypes.CHAR)).eq(functions.Upper(str(value)))

def insensitive_ends_with(field: Term, value: str) -> Criterion:
    return Like(Upper(field), field.wrap_constant(Upper(f"%{escape_like(value)}")))

def insensitive_starts_with(field: Term, value: str) -> Criterion:
    return Like(Upper(field), field.wrap_constant(Upper(f"{escape_like(value)}%")))

Converts text to lower case.

    :samp:`Lower("{FIELD_NAME}")`
    """

    database_func = functions.Lower


class Upper(Function):
    """
    Converts text to upper case.

    :samp:`Upper("{FIELD_NAME}")`
    """

    database_func = functions.Upper


##############################################################################
# Aggregate functions
##############################################################################


class Count(Aggregate):
    """
    Counts the no of entries for that column.

    :samp:`Count("{FIELD_NAME}")`
    """

    database_func = functions.Count

def mysql_insensitive_starts_with(field: Term, value: str) -> Criterion:
    return Like(
        functions.Upper(functions.Cast(field, SqlTypes.CHAR)),
        functions.Upper(StrWrapper(f"{escape_like(value)}%")),
        escape="",
    )

def insensitive_exact(field: Term, value: str) -> Criterion:
    return Upper(field).eq(Upper(str(value)))