Contentful Migrate Tool

Manage your Contentful schema by creating incremental scripted changes. This project is based on the ideas exposed in Contentful's CMS as Code article

Scripts are written using Contentful's migration tool syntax. Ex:

module.exports.description = "Create Post model";

module.exports.up = migration => {
  const post = migration
    .createContentType("post")
    .name("Post")
    .displayField("title")
    .description("Post model");

  post
    .createField("title")
    .name("Title")
    .type("Symbol")
    .required(true)
    .localized(false);
};

module.exports.down = migration => {
  migration.deleteContentType("post");
};

This command line tool is designed to keep track of changes of content types individually. It keeps the scripts in a migrations folder in your project. This folder must contain one subfolder for each content type. Ex:

your-project
├── README.md
├── migrations
│   ├── banner
│   │   └── 1513743198536-create-banner.js
│   └── post
│       ├── 1513695986378-create-post.js
│       └── 1513716408272-add-date-field.js
├── package.json
.
.
.

If you don't wish to have your migrations directory in the root of your project, you can configure the name and location by setting the CONTENTFUL_MIGRATION_DIR environment variable, e.g. /path/to/project/foo/contentful-migrations

> ATTENTION: The migrations directory should always be a folder under the project's root (or under some subdir inside the root). Placing the directory outside of the project's version control could lead to the migration code and Contentful schema becoming out-of-sync.

For more information on schema migrations technique and practice, see:

• Evolutionary Database Design
• Schema migration

Installation

npm install -g contentful-migrate

Usage

Most of the available commands need a personal access token for accessing the CMA (Contentful Management API). You can pass the token using the --access-token option or setting an environment variable called CONTENTFUL_MANAGEMENT_ACCESS_TOKEN

Similarly, a default contentful space and environment id can be specified by setting the CONTENTFUL_SPACE_ID and CONTENTFUL_ENV_ID environment variables, which will be used as defaults for any command that accepts the --space-id and --environment-id options.

init

Creates the content type 'Migration' into the designated contentful space. This will be used to keep track of the current state of each managed content type.

  Usage: ctf-migrate init [options]

  Options:

    -t, --access-token [access-token]  CMA token, defaults to your environment variable CONTENTFUL_MANAGEMENT_ACCESS_TOKEN if empty
    -s, --space-id [space-id]          space id to use (defaults to environment variable CONTENTFUL_SPACE_ID)
    -e, --environment-id [env-id]      id of the environment within the space (defaults to environment variable CONTENTFUL_ENV_ID if set, otherwise defaults to 'master')

If the target space already has been init'd before, it will throw an error:

Content type with id "migration" already exists.

bootstrap

Create your migration files for content models already in your space. It gives you the option to squash any previous migration state. Note: It will delete any existing migration scripts and create a consolidated one for each specified content type.

  Usage: ctf-migrate bootstrap [options]

  Options:

    -t, --access-token [access-token]  CMA token, defaults to your environment variable CONTENTFUL_MANAGEMENT_ACCESS_TOKEN if empty
    -s, --space-id [space-id]          space id to use (defaults to environment variable CONTENTFUL_SPACE_ID)
    -e, --environment-id [env-id]      id of the environment within the space (defaults to environment variable CONTENTFUL_ENV_ID if set, otherwise defaults to 'master')
    -c, --content-type [content-type]  one or more content type to bootstrap with choice to overwrite migration state
    -a, --all                          apply bootstrap to all with choice to overwrite migration state

Example: executing the command ctf-migrate bootstrap -c post -s will create a file where the up command will generate the exact snapshot of the Post content model

create

Creates an empty time stamped file in the content-type's migrations folder.

  Usage: ctf-migrate create  [options]

  Options:

    -c, --content-type   content type name

Example: executing the command ctf-migrate create create-post-model -c post will create a file named ./migrations/post/1513695986378-create-post.js (the timestamp will vary)

list

Lists all migrations for the given content-types, also indicating whether they were already applied and when.

  Usage: ctf-migrate list [options]

  Options:

    -t, --access-token [access-token]  CMA token, defaults to your environment variable CONTENTFUL_MANAGEMENT_ACCESS_TOKEN if empty
    -s, --space-id [space-id]          space id to use (defaults to environment variable CONTENTFUL_SPACE_ID)
    -e, --environment-id [env-id]      id of the environment within the space (defaults to environment variable CONTENTFUL_ENV_ID if set, otherwise defaults to 'master')
    -c, --content-type [content-type]  one or more content type names to list
    -a, --all                          lists migrations for all content types

Example:

$ ctf-migrate list -s i2ztmmsocxul -c post banner
Listing post
  [2017-12-19 22:12:58] 1513695986378-create-post.js : Create Post model
  [pending] 1513716408272-add-title-field.js : Adds title field
Listing banner
  [2018-01-08 15:01:45] 20180103165614-create-banner.js : Create Banner model
  [2018-01-22 11:01:33] 20180111172942-add-subtitle-field.js: Add Subtitle field

For the post model in this example, the first script (create-post.js) has already been applied but the second one (add-title-field.js) has not. For the banner model, all scripts have been applied.

up

Migrates up to a specific version or all pending scripts if a filename is not informed. This will apply pending scripts for the specified content-type into the specified space.

  Usage: ctf-migrate up [filename] [options]

  Options:

    -t, --access-token [access-token]  CMA token, defaults to your environment variable CONTENTFUL_MANAGEMENT_ACCESS_TOKEN if empty
    -s, --space-id [space-id]          space id to use (defaults to environment variable CONTENTFUL_SPACE_ID)
    -e, --environment-id [env-id]      id of the environment within the space (defaults to environment variable CONTENTFUL_ENV_ID if set, otherwise defaults to 'master')
    -c, --content-type [content-type]  one or more content type names to process
    -a, --all                          processes migrations for all content types
    -d, --dry-run                      only shows the plan, don't write anything to contentful. defaults to false

down

> ATTENTION: As noted in the CMS as Code article, "in real-world situations there is often no real way to down migrate content without resorting to backups". Even though we agree with that assertion, we still think there is value in having a down function to make it easier to develop and debug the up migration scripts (when you're working on a dev/test space), as it makes it easy to revert your changes and try again, without resorting to any manual intervention.*

Migrates down to a specific version or just the last one if filename is not informed. This will roll back applied scripts for the specified content-type from the specified space.

  Usage: ctf-migrate down [filename] [options]

  Options:

    -t, --access-token [access-token]  CMA token, defaults to your environment variable CONTENTFUL_MANAGEMENT_ACCESS_TOKEN if empty
    -s, --space-id [space-id]          space id to use (defaults to environment variable CONTENTFUL_SPACE_ID)
    -e, --environment-id [env-id]      id of the environment within the space (defaults to environment variable CONTENTFUL_ENV_ID if set, otherwise defaults to 'master')
    -c, --content-type [content-type]  content type name
    -d, --dry-run                      only shows the plan, don't write anything to contentful. defaults to false

Writing Migrations

For more information on how to write migrations, see Contentful migrations documentation

This tool is based on node-migrate. For more information on how to run migrations, see Running migrations