JS-YAML - YAML 1.2 parser / writer for JavaScript

Online Demo

This is an implementation of YAML, a human-friendly data serialization language. Started as PyYAML port, it was completely rewritten from scratch. Now it's very fast, and supports 1.2 spec.

Installation

YAML module for node.js

npm install js-yaml

CLI executable

If you want to inspect your YAML files from CLI, install js-yaml globally:

npm install -g js-yaml

Usage

usage: js-yaml [-h] [-v] [-c] [-t] file

Positional arguments:
  file           File with YAML document(s)

Optional arguments:
  -h, --help     Show this help message and exit.
  -v, --version  Show program's version number and exit.
  -c, --compact  Display errors in compact mode
  -t, --trace    Show stack trace on error

Bundled YAML library for browsers

Browser support was done mostly for the online demo. If you find any errors - feel free to send pull requests with fixes. Also note, that IE and other old browsers needs es5-shims to operate.

Notes:

1. We have no resources to support browserified version. Don't expect it to be well tested. Don't expect fast fixes if something goes wrong there.
2. !!js/function in browser bundle will not work by default. If you really need it - load esprima parser first (via amd or directly).
3. !!bin in browser will return Array, because browsers do not support node.js Buffer and adding Buffer shims is completely useless on practice.

API

Here we cover the most 'useful' methods. If you need advanced details (creating your own tags), see wiki and examples for more info.

yaml = require('js-yaml');
fs   = require('fs');

// Get document, or throw exception on error
try {
  var doc = yaml.safeLoad(fs.readFileSync('/home/ixti/example.yml', 'utf8'));
  console.log(doc);
} catch (e) {
  console.log(e);
}

safeLoad (string [ , options ])

Recommended loading way. Parses string as single YAML document. Returns a JavaScript object or throws YAMLException on error. By default, does not support regexps, functions, modules and undefined. This method is safe for untrusted data.

options:

• filename (default: null) - string to be used as a file path in error/warning messages.
• onWarning (default: null) - function to call on warning messages. Loader will call this function with an instance of YAMLException for each warning.
• schema (default: DEFAULT_SAFE_SCHEMA) - specifies a schema to use.
  • FAILSAFE_SCHEMA - only strings, arrays and plain objects: https://www.yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2802346
  • JSON_SCHEMA - all JSON-supported types: https://www.yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2803231
  • CORE_SCHEMA - same as JSON_SCHEMA: https://www.yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2804923
  • DEFAULT_SAFE_SCHEMA - all supported YAML types, without unsafe ones (!!js/undefined, !!js/regexp and !!js/function): https://yaml.org/type/
  • DEFAULT_FULL_SCHEMA - all supported YAML types.
• json (default: false) - compatibility with JSON.parse behaviour. If true, then duplicate keys in a mapping will override values rather than throwing an error.
• metaKey (default: null) - if set, then saves start line and start position of each field under this key into the resulting object.
• legacy (default: false) - check for non-ASCII line breaks in the file and throw an exception when any exist in the YAML input
• listener (default: null) - function which is invoked for YAML parse events. (Currently the element open and close events are emitted for every YAML node)

NOTE: the safeLoad function does not understand multi-document sources, it throws an exception on those.

NOTE: JS-YAML does not support schema-specific tag resolution restrictions. So, the JSON schema is not as strictly defined as in the YAML specification. It allows numbers in any notation, use Null and NULL as null, etc. The core schema also has no such restrictions. It allows binary notation for integers.

load (string [ , options ])

Use with care with untrusted sources. The same as safeLoad() but uses DEFAULT_FULL_SCHEMA by default - adds some JavaScript-specific types: !!js/function, !!js/module, !!js/regexp and !!js/undefined. For untrusted sources, you must additionally validate object structure to avoid injections:

var untrusted_code = '"toString": ! "function (){very_evil_thing();}"';

// I'm just converting that string, what could possibly go wrong?
require('js-yaml').load(untrusted_code) + ''

safeLoadAll (string [, iterator [, options ]])

Same as safeLoad(), but understands multi-document sources. Applies iterator to each document if specified.

Returns an array of documents, listing the documents in order of appearance in the input.

The iterator callback interface includes these parameters:

• doc: the parsed document object
• index: the index number of the document, starting at 0
• options_state: a reference to the active js-yaml options in the js-yaml state object

var yaml = require('js-yaml');

yaml.safeLoadAll(data, function (doc, index, options_state) {
  console.log(doc);
});

loadAll (string [, iterator [ , options ]])

Same as safeLoadAll() but uses DEFAULT_FULL_SCHEMA by default.

safeDump (object [ , options ])

Serializes object as a YAML document. Uses DEFAULT_SAFE_SCHEMA, so it will throw an exception if you try to dump regexps or functions. However, you can disable exceptions by setting the skipInvalid option to true.

options:

• indent (default: 2) - indentation width to use (in spaces).
• noArrayIndent (default: false) - when true, will not add an indentation level to array elements
• skipInvalid (default: false) - do not throw on invalid types (like function in the safe schema) and skip pairs and single values with such types.
• flowLevel (default: -1) - specifies level of nesting, when to switch from block to flow style for collections. -1 means block style everwhere
• styles - "tag" => "style" map. Each tag may have own set of styles.
• schema (default: DEFAULT_SAFE_SCHEMA) specifies a schema to use.
• sortKeys (default: false) - if true, sort keys when dumping YAML. If a function, use the function to sort the keys.
• lineWidth (default: 80) - set max line width.
• noRefs (default: false) - if true, don't convert duplicate objects into references
• noCompatMode (default: false) - if true don't try to be compatible with older yaml versions. Currently: don't quote "yes", "no" and so on, as required for YAML 1.1
• condenseFlow (default: false) - if true flow sequences will be condensed, omitting the space between a, b. Eg. '[a,b]', and omitting the space between key: value and quoting the key. Eg. '{"a":b}' Can be useful when using yaml for pretty URL query params as spaces are %-encoded. See also quoteKeys.
• quoteKeys (default: false) - if true, all keys will be quoted in doublequotes ("). Eg. '{"a": b}'. Other valid options are ' and " to specify the type of quotes. In combination with condenseFlow, this generates '{"a":b}'. Useful if no spaces are wanted in the dump (eg. URL).
• scalarQuoteStyle (default: null) set the quote style for scalar values. Valid values are "single" and "double". Double quoted values will not be changed to single quotes.

The following table show availlable styles (e.g. "canonical", "binary"...) available for each tag (.e.g. !!null, !!int ...). Yaml output is shown on the right side after => (default setting) or ->:

!!null
  "blank"       -> '' +++++
  "canonical"   -> "~"
  "lowercase"   => "null"
  "uppercase"   -> "NULL"
  "camelcase"   -> "Null"

!!int
  "binary"      -> "0b1", "0b101010", "0b1110001111010"
  "octal"       -> "01", "052", "016172"
  "decimal"     => "1", "42", "7290"
  "hexadecimal" -> "0x1", "0x2A", "0x1C7A"

!!bool
  "lowercase"   => "true", "false"
  "uppercase"   -> "TRUE", "FALSE"
  "camelcase"   -> "True", "False"

!!float
  "lowercase"   => ".nan", '.inf'
  "uppercase"   -> ".NAN", '.INF'
  "camelcase"   -> ".NaN", '.Inf'

Example:

safeDump (object, {
  'styles': {
    '!!null': 'canonical' // dump null as ~
  },
  'sortKeys': true        // sort object keys
});

dump (object [ , options ])

Same as safeDump() but without limits (uses DEFAULT_FULL_SCHEMA by default).

Supported YAML types

The list of standard YAML tags and corresponding JavaScipt types. See also YAML tag discussion and YAML types repository.

!!null ''                   # null
!!bool 'yes'                # bool
!!int '3...'                # number
!!float '3.14...'           # number
!!binary '...base64...'     # buffer
!!timestamp 'YYYY-...'      # date
!!omap [ ... ]              # array of key-value pairs
!!pairs [ ... ]             # array or array pairs
!!set { ... }               # array of objects with given keys and null values
!!str '...'                 # string
!!seq [ ... ]               # array
!!map { ... }               # object

JavaScript-specific tags

!!js/regexp /pattern/gim            # RegExp
!!js/undefined ''                   # Undefined
!!js/function 'function () {...}'   # Function

Caveats

Note, that you use arrays or objects as key in JS-YAML. JS does not allow objects or arrays as keys, and stringifies (by calling toString() method) them at the moment of adding them.

---
? [ foo, bar ]
: - baz
? { foo: bar }
: - baz
  - baz

{ "foo,bar": ["baz"], "[object Object]": ["baz", "baz"] }

Also, reading of properties on implicit block mapping keys is not supported yet. So, the following YAML document cannot be loaded.

&anchor foo:
  foo: bar
  *anchor: duplicate key
  baz: bat
  *anchor: duplicate key

Breaking changes in 2.x.x -> 3.x.x

If you have not used custom tags or loader classes and not loaded yaml files via require(), no changes are needed. Just upgrade the library.

Otherwise, you should:

1. Replace all occurrences of require('xxxx.yml') by fs.readFileSync() + yaml.safeLoad().
2. rewrite your custom tags constructors and custom loader classes, to conform the new API. See examples and wiki for details.

License

View the LICENSE file (MIT).